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為甚麼要做婚前檢查?
What are the purposes of premarital check-up? |
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不是所有伴侶都須要進行婚前檢查，但對某些伴侶來說，婚前檢查有一定的好處。例如遲婚女性自發性懷孕的機會較低，流產或胚胎異常的情況較常出現，加上她們是一些婦產科疾病如子宮肌瘤、子宮內膜異位、子宮腺肌症及骨盆腔粘黏等的高危患者，因此及早檢查可提供更深入的分析，以便需要時安排家庭計劃指導。對於有家族遺傳疾病史的伴侶來說，婚前檢查更加重要。
While premarital check-up is not compulsory, it could be beneficial for some couples. For example, for ladies who marry late, the chance of spontaneous pregnancy is lower and the chances for miscarriages or foetal abnormalities may be higher. Together with higher risk of some gynaecological diseases like fibroids, endometriosis, adenomyosis, and pelvic adhesions etc, early check-up will provide some insight and chance for counselling on the family planning. It is even more relevant and important for couples who have some family history of heritable diseases. |
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甚麼時候做婚前檢查最為合適?
When should premarital check-up be conducted? |
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至於在婚前多久才須要做婚前檢查，並無特定限制。不過，伴侶一旦決定結婚，理應儘早進行婚前檢查。倘若初步檢驗發現有異常情況，以便有足夠時間作進一步測試。
There is no fixed time interval before marriage that the premarital check-up has to be performed. However, it seems logical that, once the couple has decided to tie the knot, they should have the premarital check-up as soon as possible. This would allow enough time to do further tests if the screening tests reveal some abnormalities. |
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最基本需要的是甚麼檢查? 每項檢查的目的何在?
What are the basic tests? What are the purposes? |
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這視乎婚前檢查的目的何在，有不同類型的測試可供選擇。如目的是想懷孕，女性荷爾蒙血液測試及精液化驗是最基本的測試。女性亦可能需要測試輸卵管有否閉塞，視乎個別情況而定。此外，一些女性可能要求測試體內是否有德國麻疹抗體或有否從父母基因得了貧血病。
Depending on the reason for the premarital check-up, many different kinds of tests are available. For example, for conception, the basic tests are blood hormonal profile for female and semen analysis for male. Depending on individual case, test on the patency of the fallopian tubes may also be performed. Some ladies would also like to check if they have acquired the immunity against Rubella, or if they have inherited some forms of anaemia. |
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若需要進行更詳細的檢查，有甚麼項目? 其檢查目的何在？
If additional tests are required, what are they? What are the purposes? |
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若個別病歷或檢驗結果顯示有此必要，便須進行更詳細的檢查。如女方過重，或有糖尿病家族史，進行血糖試驗便有助驗出女方是否患上糖尿病；若女方月經周期不正常，一些荷爾蒙測試如甲狀腺功能測試等亦有助找出原因。
Additional tests may be required depending on family history and the result of basic tests. For example, if the lady is overweight, or has family history of Diabetes Mellitus, the blood glucose test will be performed. If the ladies have menstruation abnormalities, other hormonal tests such as Thyroid function tests may be useful. |
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於檢查時，有甚麼遺傳病需要特別注意?
Are there any inheritable deceases that require additional tests? |
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伴侶可進行基因測試，以檢查是否擁有家族性遺傳病的基因，如白化症、血友病、葡萄糖六磷酸去氫酶缺乏症或色盲。某些種族的人士較大機會患上某些遺傳病(如囊腫性纖維化)，在此情況下，就可能需要安排海外機構作更詳盡的檢驗。
Some couples may have family history of genetic diseases like Albinism, Haemophilia, G6PD deficiency or Colour blindness. Tests on genetics may therefore be performed. Some ethnic groups may be prone to certain inheritable diseases (eg cystic fibrosis). In these cases, further tests may have to be arranged with overseas institutions. |
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各地區/國家已婚女性佔所有女性(15至49歲)的百分比
Percentage of currently married women
among all women (aged 15 - 49 years) of different regions / countries |
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資料取自
Source from U.S. Census Bureau,
International Programs Center.
International Database.
Internet Release Date: March 22, 2004
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2005年8月
